Can anyone give me the timeline of Muharram like on which day which event happened?
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Here is a brief timeline of the events of Muharram:
2. _2nd Muharram_: Imam Hussein (AS) and his caravan arrive in Karbala.
3. _3rd Muharram_: Imam Hussein (AS) and his companions set up camp in Karbala.
4. _7th Muharram_: The army of Yazid ibn Mu’awiyah arrives in Karbala, led by Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad.
5. _9th Muharram_: Imam Hussein (AS) delivers a famous sermon, known as the “Sermon of Mina”.
6. _10th Muharram (Ashura)_: The Battle of Karbala takes place, resulting in the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (AS) and many of his companions.
7. _11th Muharram_: The surviving members of Imam Hussein’s (AS) family, including Imam Zain al-Abidin (AS) and Lady Zaynab (AS), are taken captive.
8. _12th Muharram_: The captives are marched to Kufa, where they are imprisoned.
9. _20th Muharram_: The captives are marched to Damascus, where they are presented to Yazid ibn Mu’awiyah.
May this timeline help you understand the sequence of events during Muharram.
بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْم
1. Rajab 60 AH :
– Muawiyah (la) dies in Damascus after ruling for 20 years. After him Yazid (la) takes over the Caliphate .
2. Sha’ban 60 AH / May 680 CE:
– Feeling pressured by Yazid’s rise and the requests for help from Kufa, Moula Imam Hussain (a.s) leaves the City of his Grandfather Moula Muhammad (saw) , Madinah for Makkah with his family and companions.
3. Ramadan 60 AH :
– Imam Hussain reaches Makkah and receives increasing support from the people of Kufa, urging him to lead them against Yazid’s tyranny.
4. Dhu al-Hijjah 60 AH :
– Responding to the pleas from Kufa, Imam Hussain sets out towards Iraq with his family and supporters to bring about reform and justice.
5. Muharram 1st 61 AH :
– Moula Imam Al Hussain (as) leaves Makkah towards Kufa, starting his journey towards fulfilling the calls for help from the people of Kufa.
6. Muharram 2nd 61 AH :
– Imam Hussain (as) reaches the plains of Karbala and is intercepted by Yazid’s army led by Umar ibn Sa’ad (la), who is tasked with preventing Imam Hussain from reaching Kufa.
7. 3rd Muharram 61 AH :
– Umar ibn Sa’ad (la) , commander of Yazid’s army, sends reconnaissance to assess Imam Hussain’s strength.
8. 4th Muharram 61 AH :
– Tensions escalate as both sides prepare for an impending confrontation.
9. 5th Muharram 61 AH :
– Imam Hussain (a.s) and his supporters reinforce their camp in anticipation of Yazid’s forces.
10. 6th Muharram 61 AH :
– Yazid’s army tightens the siege around Imam Al Hussain’s camp, restricting access to water and supplies.
11. Muharram 7th, 61 AH :
– Yazid’s forces surround Moula Imam Hussain’s camp, cutting off access to water for him and his family and supporters, intensifying the hardship.
12. Muharram 9th 61 AH :
– Arrival of Shimr (la) in the battlefield and Announcing of battle by Umar ibn Sa’ad & asking of Imam Al Hussain (as) for delay in the battle .
13. Muharram 10th 61 AH :
– On the Day of Ashura, which fell on the 10th of Muharram in the year 61 AH , Imam Al Hussain (as) and his small band of supporters faced Yazid’s much larger army on the plains of Karbala. Despite being vastly outnumbered, Imam Hussain (as) and his companions stood firm in their resolve.
Throughout the day, fierce battles ensued, with Imam Hussain’s forces displaying unmatched courage and determination. Despite the unbearable thirst and exhaustion from days of siege and deprivation of water, they fought valiantly, defending their principles of justice and righteousness.
As the battle wore on, one by one, Imam Hussain’s closest companions and family members fell martyred, including his beloved son Ali al-Akbar (as) and his loyal half-brother Abbas ibn Ali (as) . Imam Al Hussain (as) himself was struck with arrows & other deadly weapons and he was martyred in the late afternoon.
With the martyrdom of Imam Al Hussain (as) the battle of Karbala came to a tragic conclusion. The surviving members of Imam Hussain’s family and companions were taken captive by Yazid’s forces, subjected to humiliation and mistreatment. The women and children of the Imam’s camp were forced to endure unimaginable hardships as they were led away from Karbala, their hearts heavy with grief and sorrow.
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala said:
يَٰٓأَيَّتُهَا ٱلنَّفۡسُ ٱلۡمُطۡمَئِنَّةُ
“O reassured soul,”
ٱرۡجِعِيٓ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَّرۡضِيَّةً
“Return to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing [to Him],”
(QS. Al-Fajr 89: Verse 27 & 28 )