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السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
Although I believe it but I still want proof… can anyone please provide me proof for the birth and death of Imam Ali AS both first in Shia and then Sunni literature?
جزاك الله خيران
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Martyrdom & Birth Of Maula Ali Ibn Abi Talib (as)
The martyrdom of Imam Ali (as) our first Imam in Islam is an event with deep spiritual, political, and historical implications. Imam Ali (as) , cousin and son-in-law of the Moula Muhammad (saw), is revered by the true muslims as the rightful successor to the Prophet (saw) . His martyrdom is seen not just as a tragic loss, but as a moment of profound significance in the islamic narrative, encapsulating themes of justice, piety, and the struggle against oppression.
Moula Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) was born in Mecca in 600 CE. From a young age, he demonstrated exceptional intelligence, bravery, and devotion to Islam. He was among the first to embrace the new faith and played a crucial role in many key events during Moula Muhammad’s life. We believe that the Prophet Muhammad explicitly designated Ali as his successor at Ghadir Khumm, a significant event where the Prophet declared, “For whoever I am his (Mawla) leader, Ali is his (Mawla) leader.” Despite this, after the Prophet’s death, Ali was passed over for the caliphate in favor of Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman, leading to a complex and contentious period of tyranny in Islamic history and this initiation had the result what we got to see in the form Karbala & Aftermath of Karbala , this hate towards Aale Muhammad didn’t boomed in the era of yazid rather it was the result of all the historical mistakes that were executed by people while ignoring Maula Muhammad’s teachings , How much pain would he have felt while anouncing Ali as the leader being well aware of the fact that what will happen to Allah’s will after his death .
Prophet Muhammad said to Ali: “You are to me like Aaron was to Moses, except there will be no prophet after me.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “O Ali, you are my brother in this world and the Hereafter.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali and I were created from one light and we remained as one until we were separated in the loins of Abu Talib and Abdullah.”
Prophet Muhammad declared: “Whoever obeys me, obeys Allah; and whoever disobeys me, disobeys Allah. And whoever obeys Ali, obeys me; and whoever disobeys Ali, disobeys me.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “I am the city of knowledge, and Ali is its gate. So whoever desires knowledge should enter through its gate.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is with the Quran, and the Quran is with Ali. They will not separate until they return to me at the Pond (of Kawthar).”
Prophet Muhammad said: “The first thing that Allah created was my light, and from my light, He created Ali’s light.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “O Ali, you are to me what Aaron was to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is the best of humans, and whoever refuses to acknowledge this is a disbeliever.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is the divinely appointed leader after me. Whoever follows him follows me, and whoever opposes him opposes me.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is from me, and I am from Ali, and he is the protector of every believer after me.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is to me what my head is to my body.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “The stars protect the inhabitants of the earth from drowning, and my Ahl al-Bayt protect my community from division. If a tribe among the Arabs differs from them, they will all differ and become the party of Satan.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “O Ali, you and your followers are the best of the community.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is the gate of repentance; whoever enters through it is a believer, and whoever exits through it is an unbeliever.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “The most virtuous among you are those who recognize the right of Ali after me.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “O Ali, you and your followers are on the Path of Truth.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali and I are from the same light, and our followers [shias] are created from our light.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “The scent of Paradise is from the soil under the feet of Ali.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “The angels love Ali as the people love the Kaaba.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is my defender and the defender of my message.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali and I are the two fathers of this community.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is the protector of my community from error.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is the flag of truth; whoever follows him is guided.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali’s path is the blessed path; whoever follows it is blessed.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali is the banner of Islam; whoever follows him is guided.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali shields my community from misguidance.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali and his Shia are the victorious ones on the Day of Resurrection.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “O Ali, you and your Shia will be in Paradise.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “May Allah bless the one who follows Ali and accepts his leadership, and may He curse the one who opposes him and rejects his authority.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali’s Shia are my true followers and my trusted companions.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali’s Shia are protected from deviation and misguidance.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Love for Ali’s Shia is a sign of faith, and hatred for them is a sign of hypocrisy.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali’s Shia are those who have been guided to the truth.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Mercy descends upon Ali’s Shia whenever my name is mentioned in their presence.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “Ali’s Shia are the closest to me on the Day of Resurrection.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “I will intercede for Ali’s Shia and guarantee their place in Paradise.”
Prophet Muhammad said: “O Allah, bless Ali and his Shia and grant them success in this world and the Hereafter.”
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala said:
وَمَا يَنطِقُ عَنِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰٓ
“Nor does he speak from [his own] inclination.”
(QS. An-Najm 53: Verse 3)
Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala said:
إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحۡيٞ يُوحَىٰ
“It is not but a revelation revealed,”
(QS. An-Najm 53: Verse 4)
But Imam Ali’s reign was marred by internal conflicts and civil wars. His caliphate was challenged by figures like Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan, the governor of Syria, leading to the Battle of Siffin. Despite his efforts to govern with justice and piety, Ali faced continuous opposition and betrayal. These conflicts were not merely political; they represented deeper ideological divides within the Muslim community, particularly concerning issues of leadership and legitimacy.
The circumstances leading to Imam Ali’s martyrdom were deeply intertwined with these broader conflicts. On the 19th of Ramadan, 661 CE, while praying in the Great Mosque of Kufa, Ali was struck on the head with a poisoned sword by the Kharijite assassin, Abd al-Rahman ibn Muljam. This attack was the culmination of a period of intense political strife and reflects the deep divisions within the early Muslim community. Ali succumbed to his injuries two days later, on the 21st of Ramadan.
Moula Ali’s governance was characterized by a strong emphasis on justice, equality, and the welfare of the people. His sermons and letters, particularly those compiled in the “Nahj al-Balagha” , offer a rich source of guidance on Islamic governance and ethics. Ali advocated for the rights of the oppressed and sought to establish a just society, free from the corruption and nepotism that plagued his time. His approach to leadership was deeply spiritual, viewing the caliphate not merely as a political position but as a divine trust requiring the highest standards of moral integrity.
The commemoration of Ali’s martyrdom, especially during the month of Ramadan, involves various rituals and ceremonies. We hold mourning sessions (majalis), recite elegies, and reflect on Ali’s teachings. These practices serve to reinforce communal identity and the principles of Shia Islam. They also provide a framework for discussing contemporary issues of justice, leadership, and the ethical challenges facing the Muslim community.
In addition to religious observances, the martyrdom of Imam Ali has inspired a rich tradition of poetry, literature, and art in the Shia world. Poets and writers have eulogized his virtues and lamented his tragic death, using their works to convey the emotional and spiritual dimensions of his legacy. Artistic representations often depict key moments from his life and martyrdom, serving as visual reminders of his enduring significance.
In conclusion, the martyrdom & birth of Imam Ali is a cornerstone of Islamic history and theology. It encapsulates the themes of justice, leadership, and sacrifice that are central to Shia beliefs. Ali’s life and death continue to inspire Muslims around the world, shaping their religious practices, cultural expressions, and political ideals. Through the commemoration of his martyrdom, Momins reaffirm their commitment to the values he championed, ensuring that his legacy remains a vibrant and integral part of their faith tradition.
The sunni books that cite the fact of birth are :
1. Al-Haakim al Nisaburi in al-Mustadrak Ala al-Saheehayn (Hadeeth no. 6098):
He stated that the narrations are too many that Fatimah Bint Asad (sa) gave birth to Ameerul Mo’meneen Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) inside the Ka’bah.
2. The well known Sunni scholar Allamah Badakhshi in his book Miftaah An Najah (page no. 20), he stated that:
No one was born inside the Bait al Haram except Ali ibn Abi Talib and no one will be born after him and this is a special tribute gifted by Allah (SWT) to Ali ibn Abi Talib (as)
3. The famous Egyptian scholar and author Abbas Mahmood al-Aqqaad in his book Abkariat al-Imam Ali (as) (page no. 43) he stated that :
Ali (as) was born inside the Ka’bah.
4. Sunni scholar known by Ali Fikhri al-Qahiri in his book Ehsan al-Qasas (vol. III pg. 178) stated :
Ali (AS) was born in Makkah in al-Bait al-Haraam in the year 32 after the birth of the prophet Mohammed (SAWA).
5. Ibn al-Sabbagh al-Maliki in his book al-Fusoul al-Mohimmah (pg.30) stated:
Ali (AS) was born in Makkah inside al-Bait al-Haram
6. Al-Kunji al-Shafi’ei in his book Kifaayat at-Talib (pg. 407) stated :
“Ameerul Mo’meneen Ali ibn Abi Talib (AS) was born in Makkah inside Baitullah al-Haram”.
7. Al-Haakim al-Nisaburi in Kitab Ma’refat al-Sahabah (Hadeeth no. 6044).
8. Al-Masoodi in Murooj al-Dhahab (vol. II pg. 349).
9. The famous Persian Sunni poem Sa’adi al-Sirazi
10. Al-Dahlawi in Izaalat al-Khafaa’ (pg. 251)
• Shia sources on birth of Imam Ali (as) :
1. “Al-Ghadir” by Allama Amini, Volume 1, Page 167.
2. “Majma’ al-Zawa’id” by Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami, Volume 9, Page 116.
3. “Manaqib Ibn Shahr Ashub” by Allama Muhammad Baqir Majlisi, Volume 1, Page 75.
4. “Tafsir al-Qummi” by Ali ibn Ibrahim al-Qummi, Volume 1, Page 87.
5. “Nur al-Absar” by Mirza Muhammad Taqi al-Asfahani, Page 68.
6. “Bihar al-Anwar” by Allama Muhammad Baqir Majlisi, Volume 19, Page 409.
7. “Mustadrak al-Wasa’il” by Allama Muhammad Hasan al-Hurr al-‘Amili, Volume 6, Page 282.
8. “Rawdat al-Wa’izin” by Shaykh Abbas Qummi, Page 87.
9. “Kamal al-Din” by Shaykh Saduq, Volume 2, Page 400.
10. “Ithbat al-Hudat” by Shaykh al-Mufid, Volume 3, Page 112.
جزاك الله خيران